Hematite
Hematite is the most important iron ore mineral and has been used as a red pigment (red ochre) since prehistoric times. Its red streak — regardless of whether the specimen looks silver, black, or red — is diagnostic. Michigan's Lake Superior region produces beautiful specular hematite with brilliant metallic luster used in jewelry and decorative pieces.
Physical Properties
Chemical Formula
Fe₂O₃
Hardness (Mohs)
5.5–6.5
Color
Silver-gray, black, red (earthy), brown
Luster
Metallic to earthy
Crystal System
Hexagonal (trigonal)
Streak
Red to reddish brown
Cleavage
None
Specific Gravity
4.9–5.3
🔍 Field Identification Tips
Red to reddish-brown streak on unglazed porcelain — this is the definitive test, even on metallic silver specimens. Heavy for size (SG ~5). Not magnetic (distinguishes from magnetite). Specular hematite looks like silver metal but leaves a red streak.
Varieties & Forms
📍 Where to Find Hematite in the US
Uses & Applications
Iron ore (primary industrial use), red pigment (ochre), magnetic hematite (synthetic) for jewelry, polished specimens.
💰 Collector Value Guide
Common earthy hematite: $1–$10. Specular hematite (Michigan): $20–$200. Kidney ore specimens: $10–$100. Crystallized plates: $50–$500.
Find Hematite With Our Tools
Use the We Lick Rocks app to identify specimens, find dig sites, and connect with local rockhounds.